How to fill a histogram in parallel?

Hmmm, I would suggest the following:

Load first your time column into an std::vector<ULong64_t>, using:
https://root.cern/doc/master/classROOT_1_1RDF_1_1RInterface.html#aa571f08b8e4d9300cacdea039a379a22

or by just doing:
vector<int> v; v.reserve(Data_A->GetEntries(); for(Long64_t i = 0; i< Data_A->GetEntries(); ++i){Data_A.GetEntry(i); v.emplace_back(time);}

or in Python:

Then follow this example:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <numeric>

int main()
{
    std::vector<int> v {4, 6, 9, 13, 18, 19, 19, 15, 10};
    for(auto& r : v) std::cout << r << "\t"; std::cout << std::endl;
    //Calculate now the difference between adjacent elements
    std::adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end(), v.begin());//here, set execution policy to parallel
    v.erase(v.begin()); // pop_front
    for(auto& r : v) std::cout << r << "\t"; std::cout << std::endl;
    //Calculate now the adjacent sum of the adjacent difference, which equals the second-adjacent difference of the first vector
    std::adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end(), v.begin(), [](const int x, const int y) { return x+y; });//here, set execution policy to parallel
    v.erase(v.begin()); // pop_front
    for(auto& r : v) std::cout << r << "\t"; std::cout << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

which gives what you are looking for:

4       6       9       13      18      19      19      15      10
2       3       4       5       1       0       -4      -5
5       7       9       6       1       -4      -9

You just need to set the execution policy to parallel.

Then, you can fill the histograms in parallel, see ROOT: tutorials/multicore/mt201_parallelHistoFill.C File Reference

If your dataset is too big and does not fit on RAM, you can do it in batches of 1e8 events or something like that.